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Securing the upper end of the water value chain in South Africa
1. Bosch, J.M. and Hewlett, J.D., 1982. A Review Of Catchment
Experiments To Determine The Effect Of Vegegation Changes On
Water Yield An Evapotranspiration. J. Hydrol. 55(3): 3 - 23.
2. Wicht, C.L., 1943. Determination Of The Effects Of Watershed
Management On Mountain Streams. Transactions American
Geophysical Union, 2: 594 - 608.
3. Kotze, I., Beukes, H., van den Berg, E., and Newby, T. (2010) National
Invasive Alien Plant Survey. Report Number: GW/A/2010/21.
Agricultural Research Council - Institute for Soil, Climate and Water,
Private Bag X79, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
4. Van Wilgen, B.W. & Le Maitre , D. (2013) Rates Of Spread In Invasive
Alien Plants In South Africa. Council For Scientific And Industrial
Research (CSIR), Natural Resources And The Environment, Po Box
320, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa, Unpubl. Report For The
Department Of Environmental Affairs.
5. Görgens A and van Wilgen BW (2004) Invasive alien plants and water
resources in South Africa: Current understanding, predictive ability and
research challenges. SA.J. Sci. Vol. 100, pp 27-33.
6. Le Maitre, D., Forsyth, G., Dzikiti, S. & Gush, M. (2013) Estimates
of the impacts of invasive alien plants on water flows in South Africa.
Unpubl. Report number: CSIR/NRE/ECO/ER/2012/####/B for DEA.
7. Cullis, J.D.S., Görgens, A.H.M., and Marais, C (2007) A strategic study
of the impact of invasive alien plants in the high rainfall catchments
and riparian zones of South Africa on total surface water yield. ISSN
0378-4738 Water SA Vol. 33 No. 1.
8. Scott D.F. and Lesch W. (1995). The water yield gains obtained from
clear-felling riparian zone vegetation. Proc. 7th South African National
Hydrology Symposium, Grahamstown, 4–6 September 1995.
9. Legge, K.R., (2010) Erosion, sedimentation and dams. International
Erosion Control Association – SA Conference. 28 September – 1
October 2010. Department of Water Affairs.
10. Mills, A. J. and Cowling Richard R.M.C (2006) Rate of Carbon
Sequestration at Two Thicket Restoration Sites in the Eastern Cape,
South Africa. Restoration Ecology 14: 38-49
11. Mills, A., with Blignaut, J., Cowling R.C., Knipe, A., Marais, C., Marais,
S., Powell, M., Sigwela, and Skowno (2009) Investing in sustainability:
Restoring degraded thicket, creating jobs, capturing carbon and earning
green credits. Ed. Pierce & Skowno A.
12. Mills, A.J., Turpie, J., Cowling, R.M., Marais, C., Kerley, G.I.H.,
Lechmere-Oertel, R.G., Sigwela, A.M. and Powell, M. 2007. Assessing
costs, benefits and feasibility of subtropical thicket restoration in the
Eastern Cape, South Africa. In: J.Aronson, S.J. Milton and J. Blignaut
(eds), Restoring natural capital. Science, business and practice. Island
Press, Washington DC.
13. Van Luijk, G., Cowling, R.M, Riksen, M.J.P.M., and Glenday, J.(2013)
Hydrological implications of desertification: Degradation of South
African semi-arid subtropical thicket. Journal of Arid Environments
91:14-21.
14. Giordano, T., James Blignaut, J.N., & Marais, C. (2012) Natural
resource management — an employment catalyst: The case of South
Africa. Development Planning Division, Working Paper Series No. 33.
Translating policy into action – efforts to combat desertification, land
degradation and drought in Namibia
1. Mendelsohn J., Jarvis, A., Roberts, C., and Robertson, T. 2002. Atlas
of Namibia: a portrait of the landand its people. David Philip Publishers,
Cape Town. Available at
on=quicksearch&selID=2816&headtext=: Atlas of Namibia
2. Ibid
3. Ibid
4. Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (2014). Creating Rural
Wealth – Sustainable Agriculture in the Communal Areas of Namibia.
Not available online.
5. Klintenberg P., and Seely M. 2004. Land Degradation Monitoring In
Namibia: A First Approximation for the Desert Research Foundation of
Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia; Department of Physical Geography and
Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Further reading:
– Mendelsohn J. (2006): Farming Systems in Namibia. RAISON Publishers,
Cape Town, South Africa. Available at -namibia.
net/tl_files/pdf_documents/selected_publications/Farming Systems in
Namibia_Mendelsohn_2006.pdf
– Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (2015). Comprehensive
Conservation Agriculture Programme for Namibia (2015-2019). Not yet
available online
– Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (1997). National Drought Policy
and Strategy. Available at
– Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (2012) National Rangeland
Management Policy and Strategy. Not available online
– Ministry of Environment and Tourism (2014) Third National Action
Programme to implement the United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification (2014-2024). Available at
ActionProgrammes/Namibia-2014-2024-eng.pdf
Networks to combat desertification in Portugal
Authors:
– Maria José Roxo, Professor, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences,
Universidade NOVA de Lisboa and Expert of the United Nations
Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
– Eugénio Sequeira, Leader of Liga para a Proteção da Natureza and Expert
of UNCCD
– Lúcio do Rosário, Senior Adviser at the Institute for Nature Conservation
and Forests and UNCCD National Focal Point
References:
1. Sanjuan, Maria E., Gabriel del Barrio, Alberto Ruiz & Juan
Puigdefabregas (2011) Assessment and monitoring of land condition in
Portugal, 2000 – 2010, Rep. EEZA / DesertWatch Extension, Almeria
Synergies in the fight against desertification for mitigation and
adaptation to climate change
1. IPCC, 2001
2. DMC, 2015
3. CONAMA, 2001
4. CIREN, 2011
5. DGA, 2015
6. CONAF, 2012
7. CONAF, 2014
Controlling shifting sands in Kuwait: an approach for sustainable
development
1. Misak R, Khalaf F, Omar S (2013) ‘Managing the hazards of drought
and shifting sands in dry lands (the case of Kuwait)’, Developments in
Soil Classification, land use planning and Policy Implications, pp 703-729
editors Shabbir A. Shahid, Faisal Taha, Mahmoud Adbulftatah
2. National Committee for Combating Desertification in Kuwait (2015).
Strategy of land degradation control in Kuwait, Technical Report, EPA
3. Al Sudairawi, M., R. Misak, A. Kwarteng, A. Al Dousari, M. Zaghloul,
J. Abdulla, I. Gharib, M. Ahmed and N. Boctor. 1999. Study of sand
control at KOC operation areas of southeast, west and north Kuwait. Final
Report, KISR 5550
4. Ibid
Further reading:
– Misak, R.F. and Al Dousari, A. 2015. Examination of Techniques to Mitigate
Problems of Mobile sands in Kuwait. Annual report project FA102K
– Misak R. (2015) Remarks on Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), the Case
of the Terrestrial Environment. 3rd United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification Scientific Conference, Cancun, Mexico, 9-12 March 2015
Combating desertification under climate variability, climate change and
reduction of water resources in India
1. Bhattacharya S. (2006), Climate Change and India , Proc. International
Workshop on Future International Climate Policy, August 9, 2006,
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
2. Lal M. (2001), ‘Future climate change: implications for Indian summer
monsoon and its variability’, Current Science, 81(9):1205
3. Chattopadhyay, N. and Hulme, M. (1997), ‘Evaporation and
potential evapotranspiration in India under conditions of recent and
future climate change’, Agric. Forest Meteorology 87:55-73 Impacts,
Adaptation and Vulnerability , IPCC Working Group II
Further reading:
– Chattopadhyay N. and Rathore L. S., (2013), ‘Extreme Events: Weather
service for Indian Agriculture’, Geography and You, Vol. 13, Issue 79, 12-16
– Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (2015): http://
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