Elements for Life

216 / 218

16.
17.
18. Ibid
19.
Water Resources Management
Operational weather and climate forecasting and its impact on
water management in Australia
1. Australian Government, Securing Australia’s Water Future: July 2006 update
2. See CIE 2001.
3. Dr Peter Wylie, ‘Managing Climate on Grain Farms’,
Fostering sustainable water resources: the Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz
International Prize for Water
For further information, and nomination forms and attachments, please visit the prize Web site
or contact the General Secretariat of the prize at the following address:
Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water General Secretariat
Prince Sultan Research Center for Environment, Water and Desert King Saud University
P. O. Box 2454 Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Phone: +966-1-4675571, Fax:
+966-1-4675574 E-mail: , Web site:
Health
Managing climate-related health risks
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Organization: Geneva. p. 54.
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Report on a WHO Meeting Rome, Italy 20-22 June 2005. 2005, World Health
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4. Hewings, J., Air Quality Indices: A review. 2001, Environment Canada: Ottawa. p. 49.
5. Sachs, J.D. and P. Malaney, ‘The economic and social burden of malaria.’ Nature, 2002
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6. WHO, Global Strategic Partnership for Roll Back Malaria 2005-2015. 2005, World Health
Organization.
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of the malaria burden.’ American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , 2001. 64(1-2 S): p.
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8. Connor, S.J. and M.C. Thomson, ‘Epidemic malaria: preparing for the unexpected. A
Policy Brief’, SciDevNet Dossier on Malaria. 2005, SciDevNet.
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in Africa. 2006, Columbia University: New York. p. 47.
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multi-model ensembles’, Nature, 2006. 0: p. 000-000.
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Air quality: meteorological services for safeguarding public health
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4. WHO, Air quality guidelines, Global update 2005, WHO 2006.
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6. WHO , Preventing disease through healthy environments – towards an estimate of the
environmental burden of disease , 2006.
7. Friedman, M.S. et al., JAMA, 2001, Vol 285, pp. 897-905.
8. Global Solar UV Index – A Practical Guide: A joint recommendation of WHO, WMO, UNEP
and ICNIRP, WHO, 2002, ISBN 92 4 159007 6.
9. Environment Canada, Green Lane, Pacific and Yukon Region,
10. ASEAN,
The watch warning system on heat waves with effect on mortality
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(2004b). Onda de calor de Agosto de 2003: os seus efeitos sobre a mortalidade da
população portuguesa. Lisboa.: Observatório Nacional de Saúde – Instituto Nacional de
Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge e Direcção de Serviços de Informação e Análise – Direcção-Geral
da Saúde 2004.
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Efeitos na mortalidade Estimativas preliminares para Portugal Continental. Lisboa:
Observatório Nacional de Saúde – Instituto Nacional de saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge; 2006.
20. Paixão E, Nogueira P. Avaliação do sistema de vigilância ÍCARO no ano 2001: Efeitos do
calor na mortalidade. Lisboa.: Observatório Nacional de Saúde – Instituto Nacional de
saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge.; 2003 Setembro
21. Falcão J, Paixão E, Nogueira P, Nunes B. Onda de calor de Julho de 2004: efeitos sobre a
mortalidade na região do Algarve, Agosto de 2004. Lisboa.: Observatório Nacional de
Saúde – Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge.
22. Nogueira P, Paixão E, Nunes B, Falcão JM. Excesso de calor em Agosto de 2005: Efeitos na
mortalidade: Estimativas para Portugal Continental. Lisboa.: Observatório Nacional de
Saúde – Instituto Nacional de saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge. 2005.
23. Paixão E, Nogueira P, Nunes A, Nunes B, Falcão JM. Temperaturas elevadas em Agosto
de 2006: Evidências de um efeito moderado na mortalidade (Nota preliminar). Lisboa:
Observatório Nacional de Saúde – Instituto Nacional de saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge; 2006.
24. Maximum period > five consecutive days with Tmax >5 degrees Celsius above the
1961-1990 Tmax normal (WMO – TD No. 1110).
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local scales. In Proc. WMO/HMO/UNEP Symposium on Climate and Human Health,
Leningrad 1986, Vol. I, WCPA–No. 1, WMO.
26. WMO (1972). The Assessment of Human Bioclimate. WMO Tech. Note No. 123, WMO
No. 331, WMO, Geneva. Hentschel, G. (1987). Op. Cit.
Further reading:
– Collier, C. G. & Hardaker, P. J. (1995). Weather, air quality and health. Meteorol. Appl., 2:
313-322.
– Ferreira, João; Álvaro Silva e F. Espírito Santo (2004) Caracterização do Conforto
Bioclimático em Portugal Continental. Monografia nº48, Instituto de Meteorologia.
Lisboa, Portugal
– Kalkstein, L. S., Jamson, P. F., Greene, J. S., Libby, J. & Robinson, L. (1996). The
Philadelphia Hot Weather - Health Watch/Warning System: development and
application, Summer 1995. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 77: 1519-1928.
– Li. P.W. & Chan S.T., (2000) Application of A Weather Stress Index for Alerting the
Public to Stressful Weather in Hong Kong Meteorological Applications, 7, p.p.369-375
– Steadman, R. G. (1979). The assessment of sultriness. Part I: A temperature humidity
index based on human physiology and clothing science. J. Appl. Meteorol ., 18: 861-873.
– Steadman, R. G. (1984). A universal scale of apparent temperature. J. Climat. Appl.
Meteorol., 23: 1674-1687.
– WHO/WMO/UNEP (1987). Climate and Human Health. WCAP, WMO,
Geneva.WHO/WMO/UNEP (1996a). Climate and Human Health (edited by Kalkstein, L.
S., Maunder, W. J. and Jendritzky, G.), WMO No. 843, WMO, Geneva.
WHO/WMO/UNEP (1996b). Climate Change and Human Health (edited by McMichael,
A. J., Haines, A., Slooff, R. and Kovats, S.), WHO.
– WMO (1972). The Assessment of Human Bioclimate. WMO Tech. Note No. 123, WMO
No. 331, WMO, Geneva.
Improved weather-related services in cities in the face of climate,
weather and population changes
1. United Nations Population Division, 2002. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2001
Revision, Data Tables and Highlights. ESA/P/WP.173, Department of Ecocnomic and Social
Affairs, United Nations Secretariat, New York, March 20, 2002.
2. Watson, R.T. and Core Writing Team, 2002. Climate Change 2001: Synthesis Report.
Summary for Policymakers: An Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York, 34pp.
3. McBean, G. and D. Henstra, 2003: Climate change, natural hazards and cities. ILCR
Research Paper Series, No. 31, Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction, University of
Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, 16pp.
4. Dabberdt, W.F. et al., 2000. ‘Forecast issues in the urban zone: report of the 10th
Prospectus Development Team of the US Weather Research Program’, Bull. Amer. Meteor.
Soc., 81(9), 2047-2064.
5. Voogt, J. A., 2004. Urban heat islands: hotter cities ,
6. Bornstein and Lin, 1999.
7. Changnon, S. A., K. E. Kunkel, and B. C. Reinke, 1996: ‘Impacts and responses to the
1995 heat wave: A call to action’, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., (77), 1497–1506.
8.
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