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The Planting Department of the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture [EB/OL]. , 2008-6-20
Relief to risk reduction – a paradigm shift
1. National Disaster Management of India, Ministry of Home Affairs – SITREP 20 Dt. (06.08.2004)
2. EFICOR is a national-level faith-based NGO working in India since 1967 in areas of disaster
management and integrated development with a focus on food and livelihood security, health and
nutrition, education, and governance.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge programmatic input from Arun Nayak, Program Coordinator DRR Project, Madhbani
We acknowledge the operational input given by Mr Arun Naik, Project Coordinator, DRR Project, Bihar
EFICOR.
From grassroots to global: people-centred disaster risk reduction
1. CRED, 2008
2.
Toe the line for behavioural change: — a capacity development system for disaster risk management
1. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical (MS&IHC) Rules, 1989 and Chemical Accidents
(Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules, 1996 were made under sections 6, 8 and 25 of
the Environment (Protection) Act 1986, by Union Govt. of India. The MS&IHC Rules 1989 were
amended in 2000 for the better enforcement of EPA 1986
2. Authors’ details: Dr Rakesh Dubey - Director Disaster Management Institute, (Housing & Environment
Department, Government of MP) Paryavaran Parisar, E-5, Arera Colony, PB No. 563 Bhopal-462016,
MP, India Email:
Dr Christina Kamlage – Senior Project Coordinator, InWEnt – Capacity Building International - Dept.
5.03, Environmental Policy and Environmental Management, Lützowufer 6-9, 10785 Berlin, Germany
Email:
Dr Jürgen Bischoff – Director, ASEM, GTZ-ASEM and TMU-ASEM (Training Management Unit)
Indo-German Environment Programme, A-33 Gulmohar Park, New Delhi 110049
Email:
Mr Florian Bemmerlein-Lux, ifanos concept&planning, Vordere Cramergasse 11, 90478 Nürnberg,
Germany, Email:
Education for Sustainable Development as a platform for disaster preparedness
1. UNESCO Press Release No. 2006-60,Global Disaster Reduction Education Campaign (15 June 2006)
Further references:
Andaman Pilot Project Team. Indigenous People and Protected Area – The Andaman Pilot Project, Surin Islands
(Bangkok: Social Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, (in Thai Language), 2003)
Arunothai, Narumon, Supin Wongbusarakum, and Derek Elias. ‘Bridging the gap between the rights and
needs of indigenous communities and the management of protected areas: case studies from Thailand (The
Moken and the Surin Islands National Park; and the Urak Lawoi and Tarutao National Park)’, Report of
UNESCO and NAOO co-funded project, A Place for Indigenous Peoples Living in Thailand’s Andaman Sea
Marine Protected Areas (2007)
Elias, D. and Soimart, R.. ‘The Knowledge that Saved the Sea Gypsies’, A World of Science Vol. 3; no.2
(UNESCO, Paris, 2005) p20-24
‘Indigenous People and Parks: The Surin Islands Project’, Coastal Region and Small Island Paper 8 (UNESCO,
Paris, 2001)
Wing, C, ‘Interview with Derek Elias’, UNESCO Bangkok Newsletter 12 (UNESCO, Bangkok, 2007) p11-13
Natural Disaster Preparedness and Education for Sustainable Development (UNESCO, Bangkok, 2007).
Peacetime strategies for disaster risk mitigation
1. Simeulue was close to the epicentre of the 9.3 magnitude earthquake on 26 December 2004, but loss
of life was surprisingly low, mainly because the people are familiar with earthquakes and tsunamis in
this seismically active region and so knew to leave the coast after the earthquake. Local folklore has it
that a huge earthquake and tsunami hit Simeulue in 1907, killing many of its inhabitants. Many died
when people rushed to the beach when they saw the water recede, exposing the coral and fish. They
went to collect the fish not realizing that the water would come back with a vengeance. Those who
survived told the story of the 1907 semong, the local word for tsunami, to their children. It is largely
because of this oral history that many in Simeulue say they instinctively knew what to do when the
2004 earthquake and tsunami struck. The island’s official death toll in the tsunami was seven – the
low figure was almost a miracle considering Simeulue’s population of 78,000, the strength of the
earthquake and the fact that the epicentre was just 25 miles away.
BBC News online: Saved by tsunami folklore, 10 March 2007:
2. Intergovernmental organizations should recognize non-governmental humanitarian agencies (NGHAs),
local and foreign, as valuable partners: NGHAs are willing to work with UN and other
intergovernmental agencies to effect better disaster response. They do so in a spirit of partnership that
respects the integrity and independence of all partners. Intergovernmental agencies must respect the
independence and impartiality of the NGHAs. NGHAs should be consulted by UN agencies in the
preparation of relief plans.
Tuvalu Red Cross : joining forces to tackle climate change in the Pacific
1. Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Centre, Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Guide, (The Hague, the
Netherlands, 2007) (available at )
2. Tuvalu Meteorological Office, Rainfall and temperature records (Funafuti, Tuvalu, 2007)
3. Hall, P, Climate Change and Low-Lying Pacific Islands, (Australia, Faerber Hall, 2008)
4. North, R, Tuvalu feature article, Disaster Reduction Day 2007, International Federation of Red Cross &
Red Crescent Societies, (Geneva, Switzerland, 2007)
5. Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate Centre (2007) op cit.
6. North, R, op cit.
7. Kelly, P, Don’t start me talking: lyrics 1984-2004, (Australia, Allen & Unwin, 2004)
8. Adapted from: International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, ‘Tuvalu: Joining Forces
to Tackle Climate Change’, (Geneva, Switzerland, 2008)
Author e-mail
Reporting IBC – a Turkish NGO’s response to the Pakistan earthquake
1. IBC website:
2. ERRA website:
Further references:
Pakistan 2005 Earthquake: Early Recovery Framework, United Nations System, 2005,
Bamforth, Tom, Humanitarian intervention in a sovereign state,
Thornton, Paul, Response to the earthquake in Pakistan, Asian Regional Forum on Aid Effectiveness:
Implementation, Monitoring and Evaluation, 2006,
Effectiveness/country-papers/PAK-Earthquake-reconstruction.pdf
Multidimensional post-earthquake reconstruction: the Chakama Valley in Pakistan-administered Kashmir
1. AKDN implements a similar multi-input programme on the Indian side of the Line of Control in the
Uri Block of Baramullah District. A school construction and teacher training programme is also being
implemented in Ghari Habibulah in the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan.
2. Each house typically consists of two multi-purpose rooms, a kitchen and a bathroom.
3. These were defined as poor widows, orphans too old to live with other families, poor disabled people
and poor elderly people who had no families. These people were identified by the village organizations
and confirmed by a team from AKDN.
4. Many of the valley’s deaths and injuries had happened in the schools, and both students and teachers
were very reluctant and frightened to go back to school. Yet, going back was one of the most important
ways for dealing with the psychological effects of the trauma. Getting teachers and students to feel
good about being back at school was a slow but rewarding process for all concerned.
Iran earthquake risk reduction strategy and the International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and
Seismology
Author contact details: , Fax:+9821-22299479 , e-mail:
RICS: building resilience
1. Lloyd-Jones, T, Mind the Gap! Post-disaster reconstruction and the transition from humanitarian relief,
London, RICS (2006)
2. Ibid
3. Ibid
4. UN-ISDR, 2005, Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-1015, UN-ISDR
5. Lloyd-Jones, T, op cit.
6. Tipple, G, ‘Housing, urban vulnerability and sustainability in rapidly developing cities’, Built
Environment Vol.32; no 4, (2007) p387-399
7. Ibid
8.
Additional references:
World Bank/UN-ISDR, Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery, 2006
Major Disaster Management Commission website:
Environmental management measures for tsunami-affected areas of Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu,
India: reconstruction, resettlement and future community resilience
1. The paper is based on a studio exercise: ‘Environmental Management Plan for Tsunami affected areas –
Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu’, Department of Environmental Planning, School of Planning and Architecture,
New Delhi, (March 2005-May 2005).
Auditing school safety in India: lessons for Asia
1. All India Disaster Mitigation Institute. (2006). Two Years after the Kumbhakonam School Fire Tragedy: A
need for a Regional School Safety Campaign, Ahmedabad: AIDMI.
2. Disaster Risk Reduction Begins at School, 2006-2007 World Disaster Reduction Campaign
)
3. Coalition for Global School Safety (COGSS)
4. UN/ISDR, 2005. Hyogo Framework for Action: building the resilience of nations and communities to
disasters )
5. Tsunami Evaluation Coalition )
6. Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies )
7. ProVention Consortium )
8. Bhatt. Mihir R, ‘Insurance cos should seek safety certificate from schools,’ Economic Times 13 July 2008
Acknowledgements:
AIDMI acknowledges support from ProVention Consortium, American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee
(AJJDC), and Oxfam Australia for supporting the Child’s Right to Safer Schools campaign. AIDMI values the
comments on the topic by Dr P.G. Dhar Chakrabarti, Executive Director, National Institute for Disaster
Management (NIDM), New Delhi, India and Dr Ben Wisner, an independent thinker on disaster risk reduction.
How the Global Earth Observation System of Systems can support disaster managers
1. For further reading: Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), 10-Year Implementation Plan
Reference Document, Group on Earth Observations, 2005.
The Full Picture, Group on Earth Observations, Tudor Rose Ed., 2007.
Saving lives through early warning systems and emergency preparedness
1. WMO Regional Specialized Metrological Centres for Tropical Cyclones include: United States National
Weather Service Hurricane Centre (Miami, Florida, USA), serving the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific;
United States National Weather Service Central Pacific Typhoon Centre (Honolulu, Hawaii, USA),
serving the Central Pacific; Japan Meteorological Association, Typhoon Centre (Tokyo, Japan), serving
the Northwest Pacific; India Meteorological Department, Tropical Cyclone Centre (New Delhi, India),
serving the Northern Indian Ocean; Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Tropical Cyclone Warning
Centre (Perth, Darwin, Brisbane, Australia), Serving Southwest Pacific and Southeast Indian Ocean; Fiji
Meteorological Service and Meteorological Service of New Zealand, (Nadi, Fiji and Wellington, New
Zealand) serving the South Pacific; Météo France Tropical Cyclone Centre (La Réunion Island), serving
Southwest Indian Ocean. For more details see:
RSMCs.html
2. International initiatives in support of early warning systems include (i) three International Early
Warning Conferences sponsored and hosted by Government of Germany, (ii) the International Early
Warning Programme (IEWP) launched at the Second International Early Warning Conference and
supported by the Platform for the Promotion of the Early Warning Systems (PPEW) Secretariat, (iii)
Recognition of early warning systems as an integral part of disaster risk reduction within the G8
summit (2005) and UN General Assembly Resolutions, (iv) Report of the Global Survey of Early
Warning Systems requested by former UNSG, Kofi Annan, and (v) First Multi-Agency International
Symposium on Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems, convened by the World Meteorological
Organization (WMO) in May 2006.
Further details about the outcomes of the MHEWS-I are available at
Between human security and disaster management - the role of satellite derived information in achieving
the goals of the international community
1. UNOSAT is the Operational Satellite Applications programme of UNITAR (United Nations Institute for
Training and Research), based in Geneva. The mission of UNOSAT is to deliver integrated satellite-
based solutions for human security, peace and socio-economic development, in keeping with the
mandate of UNITAR in support of the goals of the United Nations.
About the authors:
Francesco Pisano is an expert in international affairs and geopolitics with a background in humanitarian
affairs and disaster prevention. He joined the United Nations in 1993. He serves in the UN Institute for
Training and Research (UNITAR) where he is a senior officer with UNOSAT.
Einar Bjorgo has a doctoral degree in geophysics, focusing on humanitarian applications of satellite data. He
joined the UN in 1999 and currently serves as a senior officer with UNITAR-UNOSAT focusing on
humanitarian affairs and new solutions for satellite-based applications.
Development of an Environmental Surveillance Network for South Carolina, USA
1. Department of Homeland Security. 2004. National Incident Management System. US Department of
Homeland Security; Washington, DC: 152 pp.
2. US GAO. 2003. Bioterrorism. Preparedness Varied across State and Local Jurisdictions. GAO-03-373.
April 2003. GAO. Wash., D.C.
3. Ibid.
4. Stout, T. and J.D. Wasko. 2002. Biosurveillance Up Close. Stout Solutions, LLC. Midlothian,VA.
5. Ibid.
6. US GAO, op cit.
7. Ibid.
8. Hobday, A. J., A. Smith, H. Webb, R. Daley, S. Wayte, C. Bulman, J. Dowdney, A. Williams, M. Sporcic,
J. Dambacher, M. Fuller, T. Walker. 2006. Ecological Risk Assessment for the Effects of Fishing:
Methodology. Report R04/1072 for the Australian Fisheries Management Authority, Canberra, Australia.
Further reading
Glass, T.A. and M. Schoch-Spana. 2002. Bio-terrorism and the people: how to vaccinate a city against panic. Clin
Infect Dis. 34: 217–223.