Climate Sense

270 / 287

[ ] 271
bleaching and hurricanes in 2005’. Global Coral Reef Monitoring
Network, and Reef and Rainforest Research Centre, Townsville, 152p.
4. Lal, M, Harasawa, H, and Takahashi, K. 2002, ‘Future Climate
Change and its Impacts over Small Island States’, Climate Research
19, pp. 179-192.
5. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 1996, Climate Change
1995 – Impacts, Adaptation and Mitigation of Climate Change:
Scientific-technical Analyses- Contribution of Working Group II
to the Second Assessment Report, Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press, Chapter 9, pp. 289-324.
6. Oxenford, HA, Roach, R, Brathwaite, A, Nurse, L, Goodridge,
R, Hinds, F, Baldwin, K, and Finney, C. 2008. ‘Quantitative
observations of a major coral bleaching event in Barbados,
Southeastern Caribbean’. Climate Change 87: 435-449.
7. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2001, Climate Change
2001, Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability – Contribution of
Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report, Cambridge
University Press, Chapter 16, pp. 843-875.
8. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 1998, The Regional
Impacts of Climate Change – an Assessment of Vulnerability,
Cambridge University Press, Chapter 9, pp. 331-354.
9. Wilkinson and Souter. 2008. Op. cit.
10. Brown, BE. 1997. Disturbances to reefs in recent times. In: Birkeland,
C (Ed), Life and Death of Coral Reefs. Chapman and Hall, London,
pp 354-379.
11. Hubbard. 1997. Op. cit.
12. Wilkinson and Souter. 2008. Op. cit.
Climate change and tourism: facing the challenges
Alejandro Calvente, Department of Sustainable Development of Tourism,
collaborated in the preparation of this article
1. This article is based on research carried out by UNWTO and
especially on the publication: UNWTO, UNEP and WMO (2008),
Climate Change and Tourism Responding to Global Challenges,
UNWTO, Madrid. The authors of this technical study are: Dr Daniel
Scott; Dr Bas Amelung; Dr Susanne Becken; Dr Jean-Paul Ceron;
Ghislain Dubois; Dr Stefan Gössling; Paul Peeters; Dr Murray C.
Simpson.
2. IPCC (2007a), ‘Summary for Policymakers’, in S. Solomon et
al. (eds.), Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis –
Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report
of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, University Press
Cambridge, Cambridge and New York.
3. Ibid.
IPCC (2007b), ‘Summary for Policymakers’, in M.L. Parry et al.
(eds.), Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
– Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, University
Press Cambridge, Cambridge and New York.
4. Ibid.
UNWTO (2003), Climate Change and Tourism: Proceedings of the
First International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism,
Djerba, Tunisia, 9-11 April 2003, UNWTO, Madrid, (Online),
available:
(17-12-2007).
Gössling, S. and Hall, C. M. (2006a), ‘An Introduction to Tourism
and Global Environmental Change’, in S. Gössling and C.M. Hall
(eds.), Tourism and Global Environmental Change, Routledge,
London, pp.1-34.
Scott, D. (2006a), ‘Climate Change and Sustainable Tourism in the
21st Century’, in J. Cukier (ed.), Tourism Research: Policy, Planning,
and Prospects, Department of Geography Publications Series,
University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, pp. 175-248.
Becken, S. and Hay, J. (2007), Tourism and Climate Change – Risks
and Opportunities, Channel View Publications, Cleveland.
5. UNWTO, UNEP and WMO (2008), Climate Change and Tourism:
Responding to Global Challenges, UNWTO, Madrid.
6. Bartlett, L. (2007), ‘Australia Fears Jet Flight Guilt Could Hit
Tourism’, Agence France-Presse, 18 April 2007, (Online), available:
Could_Hit_Tourism_999.html (17-12-2007).
Boyd, A. (2007), ‘Carbon Tax Threatens to Ground Asia Tourism’,
Asian Times Online, (Online), available:
Asian_Economy/ID19Dk01.html (17-12-2007).
Caribbean Hotel Association and Caribbean Tourism Organization
(2007), CHA-CTO Position Paper of Global Climate Change
and the Caribbean Tourism Industry, (Online), available: www.
(17-12-2007).
7. IPCC (2007b), ‘Summary for Policymakers’, in M.L. Parry et al.
(eds.), Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability
– Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment
Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, University
Press Cambridge, Cambridge and New York.
Stern, N. (2006), The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern
Review, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Barnett, J. (2001), Security and Climate Change, Tyndall Centre
Working Paper No. 7, (Online), available:
publications/working_papers/wp7.pdf (17-12-2007).
German Advisory Council on Global Change (2007), World in
Transition: Climate Change as a Security Risk, German Advisory
Council on Global Change, Berlin, (Online), available:
wbgu_jg2007_engl.pdf (17-12-2007).
8. German Advisory Council on Global Change (2007), World in
Transition: Climate Change as a Security Risk, German Advisory
Council on Global Change, Berlin, (Online), available:
wbgu_jg2007_engl.pdf (17-12-2007).
9. Simpson, M.C., Góssling, S., Scott, D., Hall, C.M. and Gladin, E.
(2008). Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in the Tourism
Sector: Frameworks, tools and practices. UNEP, University of Oxford,
UNWTO, WMO: París, France.
10. UNWTO, UNEP and WMO (2008), Climate Change and Tourism:
Responding to Global Challenges, UNWTO, Madrid.
11. Becken, S. and Hay, J. (2007), Tourism and Climate Change – Risks
and Opportunities, Channel View Publications, Cleveland.
12. UNWTO, UNEP and WMO (2008), Climate Change and Tourism:
Responding to Global Challenges, UNWTO, Madrid.
13. UNWTO (2008), From Davos to Bali: A Tourism Contribution to the
Challenge of Climate Change, UNWTO, Madrid.
Managing climate related health risks
1. UN (2001). ‘Road map towards the implementation of the United
Nations Millennium Declaration: Report of the Secretary-General’.
New York, United Nations: 58.
2. WHA (2008). ‘Climate Change and Health’. Resolution WHA61.19
– Sixty-first World Health Assembly. Geneva, World Health
Organization.
Notes & R eferences