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[

] 281

N

otes

& R

eferences

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‘Variability in the vertical distribution of ozone over a subtropical site

in India during a winter month’,

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Chandra S, Satheesh SK, Srinivasan, J, ‘Can the state of mixing of

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37.

Jacobson, M Z, ‘Strong radiative heating due to mixing state of black

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Further references

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Arking, A. (1996), ‘Absorption of solar energy in the atmosphere:

Discrepancy between model and observations’, Science, 273, 779–

782, (1996).

-

Rajesh et al.(2009), ‘Variations in surface ozone at a high altitude site

(Nainital, 29.4 N, 79.5 E, 1958 m amsl) in the Central Himalayas’,

submitted to J. Geophys. Res.

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Satheesh, S.K., S. Deepshikha, J. Srinivasan and Y.J. Kaufman

(2006b), ‘Large Dust Absorption of Infrared Radiation over Afro-Asian

Regions: Evidence for Anthropogenic Impact’, IEEE Geosci. Rem.

Sens. Lett., 111, D08202, doi:10.1029/2005JD006374.

-

Sheel V., S. Lal, A. Richter and J. P. Burrows (2009), ‘Comparison

of satellite observed tropospheric NO2 over India with model

simulations’, submitted to Atmos. Env.

Acknowledgements

We wish to thank ISRO for its extensive support, encouragement

and guidance, particularly from its Chairman G. Madhavan Nair. We

acknowledge programmatic support from R. Sridharan, and V. Jayaraman.

This programme is pursued with the untiring and sustained enthusiasm and

cooperation of a large number of colleagues and collaborators from several

laboratories and institutions spread across the country. The authors thank all

of them and acknowledge their valuable inputs in finalizing this article.

Projecting globally, planning locally: a progress report from four cities in

developing countries

1.

Mehrotra, Shagun, Claudia Natenzon, Ademola Omojola, Regina

Folorunsho, Joseph Gilbridge, and Cynthia Rosenzweig, Framework

for Urban Climate Risk Assessment. p3-4.

2.

David Dowall, personal communication, 23 June 2009.

3.

These local-level experiences help UN-Habitat’s CCCI to develop

capacity-building tools, and inform national and international-level

activities. For more information on the CCCI, see

www.unhabitat.org

,

and click on ‘Programmes’, then ‘Sustainable Urban Development

Network’.

4.

Definitions of city size are per UN-Habitat. Around 2007, for the

19.

Ibid.

20.

K. Niranjan, B. M. Rao, P.S. Brahmanandam, B.L. Madhavan, V.

Sreekanth and K. Krishna Moorthy, ‘Spatial characteristics of aerosol

physical properties over the northeastern parts of peninsular India’,

Ann. Geophys., 23, 3219-3227, (2005).

Dey S., S. N. Tripathi, R. P. Singh, B. N. Holben, ‘Influence of dust

storms on the aerosol optical properties over the Indo-Gangetic

basin’, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D20211, doi:10.1029/2004JD004924,

(2004).

Beegum et al., (2008), op. cit..

21.

Beegum, S. N., K. K. Moorthy, S. S. Babu, R. R. Reddy, and K. R.

Gopal, ‘Large scale modulations of spectral aerosol optical depths

by atmospheric planetary waves’, Geophysical Research Letters, 36,

L03810, doi:10.1029/2008GL036509, (2009).

22.

Ibid.

23.

Aloysius, M., M. Mohan, S.S. Babu, et al., “Influence of circulation

parameters on AOD variations over Bay of Bengal during ICARB”, J.

Earth System Sci, 117, S1, 353 – 360, (2008).

24.

Moorthy et al., (2001), op. cit.

Vinoj et al., (2004), op. cit..

Moorthy et al., (2005a), op. cit..

25.

Moorthy et al., (2005b), op. cit..

26.

Moorthy et al., (2004), op. cit..

Gadhavi H and A Jayaraman, ‘Airborne lidar studies of vertical

distribution of aerosols over Hyderabad, an urban cite in central India

and its implication for radiative forcing calculations’, Ann. Geophys.

24, 1-10, (2006).

Babu et al., (2008), op. cit..

27.

Moorthy et al., (2008), op. cit..

28.

A compendium of the preliminary findings is available in the July

issue of the Journal of Earth System Sciences, (2008).

29.

Nair, V.S, K.K.Moorthy, D. P. Alappattu, et al., ‘Wintertime aerosol

characteristics over the Indo Gangetic Plain (IGP): Impacts of local

boundary layer processes and long-range transport’, Journal of

Geophysical Research, 112, D13205, doi: 10.1029/2006JD008099,

(2007).

30.

Satheesh,S.K., K. K. Moorthy, S.S.Babu, V. Vinoj and C.B.S.Dutt,

‘Climate implications of large warming by elevated aerosol

over India’, Geophysical Research Letters, 35, L19809, doi:

10.1029/2008GL034944, (2008).

Babu et al., (2008), op. cit..

31.

Lau, K. M., Kim, M. K. and Kim, K. M., ‘Aerosol induced anomalies

in the Asian summer monsoon- the role of the Tibetan Plateau’,

Climate Dynamics 26, 855–864, DOI 10.1007/s00382-006-0114-z

(2006).

32.

Naja, M. and S. Lal, (1996), ‘Changes in surface ozone amount and

its diurnal and seasonal patterns from 1954-55 to 1991–93 measured

at Ahmedabad (23N), India’, Geophys. Res. Letters, Vol. 23, p.81.

33.

Naja, M. and S. Lal, (2002), ‘Surface ozone and precursor gases at

Gadanki (13.5N, 79.2E), a tropical rural site in India’. J. Geophys.

Res. Vol. 107, p. 8-1 to 8-13.

34.

Sahu, L. K., and S. Lal (2006), ‘Distributions of C2-C5 NMHCs and

related trace gases at a tropical urban site in India’. Atmos. Env., Vol.

40, p.880-891.

R. Rengarajan, R, M.M. Sarin and A K Sudheer, ‘Carbonaceous

and inorganic species in atmospheric aerosols during wintertime

over urban and high-altitude sites in North India’, J. Geophys. Res,

112,D21307,doi:10.1029/2006JD008150, (2007).

35.

Chand D., Lal S., Naja M., ‘Variations of ozone in the marine